space .Fiduciary Practices
We define an Investment Fiduciary as a person or organisation who is managing the assets of another person and stands in a special relationship of trust, confidence, and/or legal responsibility.

Practices
Fiduciary Practices describe the requirements for an Investment Fiduciary to maintain an investor's trust. The Practices are the basis for a CEFEX Fiduciary Assessment which may lead to registration. CEFEX uses a consultative approach to develop and evolve the Practices, similar to that used by international standards development organizations.

The Fiduciary can be further divided into three groups:

Investment Stewards
A person or organisation which has the legal responsibility for managing investment decisions (trustees and investment committee members).

Investment Advisors
A professional who is responsible for managing comprehensive and continuous investment decisions (including wealth managers, financial advisors, trust officers, financial consultants, investment consultants, and financial planners).

Investment Managers
A professional who makes investment decisions: selects the securities (eg. stocks and bonds) to implement a specific investment mandate (eg. large cap growth).

Investment Stewards
The practices that define a global fiduciary standard of excellence for Investment Stewards are featured in Prudent Practices for Investment Stewards (U.S. Edition). This standard of excellence can best be defined as a melding of a fiduciary standard of care with industry best practices. By following the suggested practices below, the Investment Steward can be confident that the critical components of managing an investment strategy are being properly implemented. The handbook is intended to be a reference guide for knowledgeable investors, as opposed to a "how to" manual for those who are not familiar with basic investment management procedures.

Investment Stewards, along with their Investment Advisor if the Steward has retained one, have the most important, yet most misunderstood, role in the investment process: to manage the investment Practices (defined in this handbook), without which the other components of the investment strategy cannot be defined, implemented, or evaluated. The Investment Steward is responsible for managing the overall investment strategy: deciding on the asset allocation, defining the details of the strategy, implementing the strategy with appropriate Investment Managers, and monitoring the strategy on an ongoing basis.

Please click here to download Fiduciary Practices for Investment Stewards



Investment Advisors
The practices that define a global fiduciary standard of excellence for Investment Advisors are featured in Prudent Practices for Investment Advisors (U.S. Edition). This standard of excellence can best be defined as a melding of a fiduciary standard of care with industry best practices. By following the suggested practices below, the Investment Advisor can be confident that the critical components of each client's investment strategy are being properly implemented. The handbook is intended to be a reference guide for knowledgeable Investment Advisors, as opposed to a "how to" manual for those who are not familiar with basic investment management procedures.

In many instances, the Investment Advisor is serving in dual capacities: as an Investment Advisor and as an Investment Manager. Our first recommendation is to decide to serve as one or the other because it is difficult to be an expert in both. Furthermore, separation of power helps to eliminate confusion as to the duties of each fiduciary.

Furthermore, we agree with the position taken by the SEC that a registered Investment Advisor owes a fiduciary duty to each and every client. Therefore, for the purposes of this handbook, the Investment Advisor is considered to always be serving as a fiduciary.

Please click here to download Fiduciary Practices for Investment Advisors



Investment Manager
Currently, 24 Fiduciary Practices have been identified, which can decrease fiduciary risk for Investment Managers. We define fiduciary risk as the risk of breaching the investor's trust that an asset manager will meet an expected return on investment. The CEFEX Fiduciary Practices are based on guidelines proposed by industry organisations such as the CFA Institute, the European Fund Asset Management Association (EFAMA) and the World Risk Standards Working Group. CEFEX believes that fiduciary excellence contributes to improving performance by stabilising investment returns and securing capital. While past performance cannot predict future returns, CEFEX believes an asset management firm's adherence to fiduciary practices, correlated with its track record, can anticipate future risk.

Each fiduciary practice has criteria to determine conformity to the practice. Since asset managers will have varying implementations of fiduciary practices, the criteria span a broad range. Each criteria is assessed using 'fiducials', or quantitative measures of adherence to a practice. For example, Practices 3.5 and 4.2, best execution in trading and trade monitoring, contain criteria from the broker selection and trading process, to the monitoring and allocation policies. 'Fiducials' for these criteria will include a query on failed trades over a set time period. Another example is in Practice 1.5 where business continuity through reliable IT systems and risk management is addressed. 'Fiducials' will query whether back-up facilities and recovery programs are coordinated with the firm's reporting obligations.

Please click here to download Fiduciary Practices for Investment Managers